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Judges Chapter 12 (YLT)

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Judges Chapter 12
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1 And the men of Ephraim are called together, and pass over northward, and say to Jephthah, `Wherefore has thou passed over to fight against the Bene-Ammon, and on us hast not called to go with thee? thy house we burn over thee with fire.'

2 And Jephthah saith unto them, `A man of great strife I have been (I and my people) with the Bene-Ammon, and I call you, and ye have not saved me out of their hand,

3 and I see that thou art not a saviour, and I put my life in my hand, and pass over unto the Bene-Ammon, and Jehovah giveth them into my hand -- and why have ye come up unto me this day to fight against me?'

4 And Jephthah gathered all the men of Gilead, and fighteth with Ephraim, and the men of Gilead smite Ephraim, because they said, `Fugitives of Ephraim `are' ye Gileadites, in the midst of Ephraim -- in the midst of Manasseh.'

5 And Gilead captureth the passages of the Jordan to Ephraim, and it hath been, when `any of' the fugitives of Ephraim say, `Let me pass over,' and the men of Gilead say to him, `An Ephramite thou?' and he saith, `No;'

6 that they say to him, `Say, I pray thee, Shibboleth;' and he saith, `Sibboleth,' and is not prepared to speak right -- and they seize him, and slaughter him at the passages of the Jordan, and there fall at that time, of Ephraim, forty and two chiefs.

7 And Jephthah judged Israel six years, and Jephthah the Gileadite dieth, and is buried in `one of' the cities of Gilead.

8 And after him Ibzan of Beth-Lehem judgeth Israel,

9 and he hath thirty sons and thirty daughters, he hath sent without and thirty daughters hath brought in to his sons from without; and he judgeth Israel seven years.

10 And Ibzan dieth, and is buried in Beth-Lehem.

11 And after him Elon the Zebulunite judgeth Israel, and he judgeth Israel ten years,

12 and Elon the Zebulunite dieth, and is buried in Aijalon, in the land of Zebulun.

13 And after him, Abdon son of Hillel, the Pirathonite, judgeth Israel,

14 and he hath forty sons, and thirty grandsons, riding on seventy ass-colts, and he judgeth Israel eight years.

15 And Abdon son of Hillel, the Pirathonite, dieth, and is buried in Pirathon, in the land of Ephraim, in the hill-country of the Amalekite.

Frequently Asked Questions

What happens in Judges chapter 12?
A civil conflict breaks out when the Ephraimites accuse Jephthah of excluding them from the fight against Ammon recounted in Judges 11; Jephthah's forces defeat them and use the word 'Shibboleth' to identify and kill fleeing Ephraimites, and the chapter closes with three brief judges: Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon.
What was the 'Shibboleth' test in Judges 12?
Gileadites at the Jordan fords asked suspected Ephraimites to say 'Shibboleth'; because Ephraimites pronounced it 'Sibboleth,' the mispronunciation gave them away and forty-two thousand were killed at the crossing (verses 5-6). Jephthah had defended this fight by recalling that he 'put my life in my hands' against Ammon (verse 3), phrasing later echoed about David in 1 Samuel 19:5.
Who were the judges mentioned after Jephthah in Judges 12?
Ibzan of Bethlehem, Elon the Zebulonite, and Abdon the son of Hillel each judged Israel briefly, with the text noting little more than their family details and burial places (verses 8-15).

Today's Verse

And Jacob was wroth, and chode with Laban: and Jacob answered and said to Laban, What is my trespass? what is my sin, that thou hast hotly pursued after me?

Genesis 31:36 | ASV

Verse Of The Day

Verse 6 records the famous 'Shibboleth' password used at the Jordan fords to catch fleeing Ephraimites, one of the Bible's most quoted linguistic details, with a related passage at 1 Samuel 19:5. After Jephthah's death the judgeship passes quickly through Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon before Judges 13 introduces Samson's parents.