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Judges Chapter 12 (WEB)

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Judges Chapter 12
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1 The men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed northward; and they said to Jephthah, Why did you pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didn't call us to go with you? we will burn your house on you with fire.

2 Jephthah said to them, I and my people were at great strife with the children of Ammon; and when I called you, you didn't save me out of their hand.

3 When I saw that you didn't save me, I put my life in my hand, and passed over against the children of Ammon, and Yahweh delivered them into my hand: why then are you come up to me this day, to fight against me?

4 Then Jephthah gathered together all the men of Gilead, and fought with Ephraim; and the men of Gilead struck Ephraim, because they said, You are fugitives of Ephraim, you Gileadites, in the midst of Ephraim, [and] in the midst of Manasseh.

5 The Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. It was so, that when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said to him, Are you an Ephraimite? If he said, No;

6 then said they to him, Say now Shibboleth; and he said Sibboleth; for he couldn't manage to pronounce it right: then they laid hold on him, and killed him at the fords of the Jordan. There fell at that time of Ephraim forty-two thousand.

7 Jephthah judged Israel six years. Then died Jephthah the Gileadite, and was buried in [one of] the cities of Gilead.

8 After him Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel.

9 He had thirty sons; and thirty daughters he sent abroad, and thirty daughters he brought in from abroad for his sons. He judged Israel seven years.

10 Ibzan died, and was buried at Bethlehem.

11 After him Elon the Zebulunite judged Israel; and he judged Israel ten years.

12 Elon the Zebulunite died, and was buried in Aijalon in the land of Zebulun.

13 After him Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite judged Israel.

14 He had forty sons and thirty sons' sons, who rode on seventy donkey colts: and he judged Israel eight years.

15 Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite died, and was buried in Pirathon in the land of Ephraim, in the hill-country of the Amalekites.

Frequently Asked Questions

What happens in Judges chapter 12?
A civil conflict breaks out when the Ephraimites accuse Jephthah of excluding them from the fight against Ammon recounted in Judges 11; Jephthah's forces defeat them and use the word 'Shibboleth' to identify and kill fleeing Ephraimites, and the chapter closes with three brief judges: Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon.
What was the 'Shibboleth' test in Judges 12?
Gileadites at the Jordan fords asked suspected Ephraimites to say 'Shibboleth'; because Ephraimites pronounced it 'Sibboleth,' the mispronunciation gave them away and forty-two thousand were killed at the crossing (verses 5-6). Jephthah had defended this fight by recalling that he 'put my life in my hands' against Ammon (verse 3), phrasing later echoed about David in 1 Samuel 19:5.
Who were the judges mentioned after Jephthah in Judges 12?
Ibzan of Bethlehem, Elon the Zebulonite, and Abdon the son of Hillel each judged Israel briefly, with the text noting little more than their family details and burial places (verses 8-15).

Today's Verse

Son of man, put forth a riddle, and speak a parable unto the house of Israel;

Ezekiel 17:2 | ASV

Verse Of The Day

Verse 6 records the famous 'Shibboleth' password used at the Jordan fords to catch fleeing Ephraimites, one of the Bible's most quoted linguistic details, with a related passage at 1 Samuel 19:5. After Jephthah's death the judgeship passes quickly through Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon before Judges 13 introduces Samson's parents.